根據各家賭場⾃⼰的規則, 頭獎jackpot並不是因由牌⾯所觸發的、⽽ 是由內部機制來決定。這裡是他們如何解釋的螢幕截圖:
策略
很不幸地, 對於這款遊戲在我所瞭解的範圍之內、是沒有簡單可以量化的 策略。好消息是, ⼤部份時候正確的玩法都是相當明顯的。對於那些不尋 常的情況, 你可以查看每⼀⼿牌⾯的所有選項的期望值相加之後來決定最 佳的玩法。以下三個列表顯⽰每⼀⼿玩家的牌⾯期望值、對照莊家朝上的 牌, 參照玩家是否停住不補、補牌和加倍賭注的狀況來個別分類。
停住不補的期望值 Expand
硬牌 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Ace |
4 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
5 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
6 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
7 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
8 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
9 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
10 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
11 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
12 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
13 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
14 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
15 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
16 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
17 |
-0.1533 |
-0.1173 |
-0.0778 |
-0.0413 |
0.0114 |
-0.1069 |
-0.3837 |
-0.4212 |
-0.4631 |
-0.6390 |
18 |
0.1207 |
0.1475 |
0.1768 |
0.2029 |
0.2833 |
0.4002 |
0.1052 |
-0.1835 |
-0.2396 |
-0.3782 |
19 |
0.3851 |
0.4033 |
0.4221 |
0.4429 |
0.4959 |
0.6166 |
0.5939 |
0.2857 |
-0.0159 |
-0.1168 |
20 |
0.6392 |
0.6493 |
0.6598 |
0.6723 |
0.7039 |
0.7737 |
0.7918 |
0.7579 |
0.4360 |
0.1447 |
21 |
0.8816 |
0.8851 |
0.8881 |
0.8921 |
0.9027 |
0.9262 |
0.9305 |
0.9391 |
0.8108 |
0.3291 |
BJ |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
2.0000 |
12 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
13 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
14 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
15 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
16 |
-0.2930 |
-0.2516 |
-0.2084 |
-0.1632 |
-0.1543 |
-0.4761 |
-0.5126 |
-0.5415 |
-0.5751 |
-0.7691 |
17 |
-0.1533 |
-0.1173 |
-0.0778 |
-0.0413 |
0.0114 |
-0.1069 |
-0.3837 |
-0.4212 |
-0.4631 |
-0.6390 |
18 |
0.1207 |
0.1475 |
0.1768 |
0.2029 |
0.2833 |
0.4002 |
0.1052 |
-0.1835 |
-0.2396 |
-0.3782 |
19 |
0.3851 |
0.4033 |
0.4221 |
0.4429 |
0.4959 |
0.6166 |
0.5939 |
0.2857 |
-0.0159 |
-0.1168 |
20 |
0.6392 |
0.6493 |
0.6598 |
0.6723 |
0.7039 |
0.7737 |
0.7918 |
0.7579 |
0.4360 |
0.1447 |
21 |
0.8816 |
0.8851 |
0.8881 |
0.8921 |
0.9027 |
0.9262 |
0.9305 |
0.9391 |
0.8108 |
0.3291 |
補牌的期望值 Expand
硬牌 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Ace |
4 |
-0.1153 |
-0.0824 |
-0.0474 |
-0.0087 |
0.0106 |
-0.0881 |
-0.1596 |
-0.2408 |
-0.3431 |
-0.4362 |
5 |
-0.1286 |
-0.0951 |
-0.0594 |
-0.0203 |
-0.0017 |
-0.1192 |
-0.1884 |
-0.2667 |
-0.3655 |
-0.4362 |
6 |
-0.1411 |
-0.1070 |
-0.0708 |
-0.0312 |
-0.0135 |
-0.1517 |
-0.2175 |
-0.2927 |
-0.3880 |
-0.4362 |
7 |
-0.1096 |
-0.0765 |
-0.0409 |
-0.0037 |
0.0288 |
-0.0687 |
-0.2113 |
-0.2849 |
-0.3705 |
-0.4362 |
8 |
-0.0224 |
0.0078 |
0.0404 |
0.0744 |
0.1146 |
0.0826 |
-0.0604 |
-0.2104 |
-0.3059 |
-0.4362 |
9 |
0.0738 |
0.1010 |
0.1299 |
0.1615 |
0.1957 |
0.1722 |
0.0981 |
-0.0527 |
-0.2167 |
-0.4362 |
10 |
0.1819 |
0.2058 |
0.2313 |
0.2592 |
0.2875 |
0.2572 |
0.1977 |
0.1163 |
-0.0526 |
-0.4362 |
11 |
0.2379 |
0.2602 |
0.2840 |
0.3099 |
0.3334 |
0.2924 |
0.2297 |
0.1581 |
0.0339 |
-0.2097 |
12 |
-0.2537 |
-0.2337 |
-0.2127 |
-0.1911 |
-0.1708 |
-0.2127 |
-0.2718 |
-0.3401 |
-0.4280 |
-0.5510 |
13 |
-0.3081 |
-0.2913 |
-0.2735 |
-0.2554 |
-0.2358 |
-0.2689 |
-0.3238 |
-0.3872 |
-0.4689 |
-0.5831 |
14 |
-0.3625 |
-0.3489 |
-0.3344 |
-0.3198 |
-0.3009 |
-0.3211 |
-0.3721 |
-0.4310 |
-0.5068 |
-0.6128 |
15 |
-0.4169 |
-0.4064 |
-0.3953 |
-0.3842 |
-0.3659 |
-0.3696 |
-0.4170 |
-0.4717 |
-0.5420 |
-0.6405 |
16 |
-0.4713 |
-0.4640 |
-0.4562 |
-0.4485 |
-0.4310 |
-0.4146 |
-0.4586 |
-0.5094 |
-0.5748 |
-0.6662 |
17 |
-0.5364 |
-0.5319 |
-0.5272 |
-0.5223 |
-0.5088 |
-0.4833 |
-0.5060 |
-0.5539 |
-0.6161 |
-0.6939 |
18 |
-0.6226 |
-0.6202 |
-0.6177 |
-0.6148 |
-0.6075 |
-0.5910 |
-0.5911 |
-0.6167 |
-0.6745 |
-0.7418 |
19 |
-0.7292 |
-0.7281 |
-0.7271 |
-0.7258 |
-0.7226 |
-0.7154 |
-0.7137 |
-0.7156 |
-0.7502 |
-0.8097 |
20 |
-0.8553 |
-0.8550 |
-0.8548 |
-0.8545 |
-0.8536 |
-0.8518 |
-0.8515 |
-0.8508 |
-0.8607 |
-0.8978 |
21 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
-1.0000 |
軟牌 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Ace |
12 |
0.0813 |
0.1033 |
0.1279 |
0.1597 |
0.1856 |
0.1658 |
0.0949 |
-0.0002 |
-0.1407 |
-0.3228 |
13 |
0.0461 |
0.0741 |
0.1038 |
0.1366 |
0.1613 |
0.1227 |
0.0538 |
-0.0380 |
-0.1729 |
-0.3482 |
14 |
0.0219 |
0.0508 |
0.0815 |
0.1152 |
0.1388 |
0.0798 |
0.0130 |
-0.0754 |
-0.2049 |
-0.3735 |
15 |
-0.0006 |
0.0292 |
0.0608 |
0.0953 |
0.1178 |
0.0373 |
-0.0273 |
-0.1124 |
-0.2365 |
-0.3985 |
16 |
-0.0215 |
0.0092 |
0.0416 |
0.0769 |
0.0984 |
-0.0046 |
-0.0670 |
-0.1489 |
-0.2677 |
-0.4231 |
17 |
-0.0010 |
0.0289 |
0.0610 |
0.0945 |
0.1277 |
0.0540 |
-0.0736 |
-0.1494 |
-0.2577 |
-0.4327 |
18 |
0.0623 |
0.0900 |
0.1198 |
0.1509 |
0.1904 |
0.1710 |
0.0392 |
-0.1009 |
-0.2085 |
-0.3729 |
19 |
0.1233 |
0.1490 |
0.1764 |
0.2063 |
0.2395 |
0.2210 |
0.1520 |
0.0073 |
-0.1569 |
-0.3126 |
20 |
0.1819 |
0.2058 |
0.2313 |
0.2592 |
0.2875 |
0.2572 |
0.1977 |
0.1163 |
-0.0526 |
-0.2523 |
21 |
0.2379 |
0.2602 |
0.2840 |
0.3099 |
0.3334 |
0.2924 |
0.2297 |
0.1581 |
0.0339 |
-0.2097 |
加倍賭注的期望值Expand
硬牌 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Ace |
4 |
-0.5860 |
-0.5032 |
-0.4168 |
-0.3264 |
-0.3086 |
-0.9523 |
-1.0252 |
-1.0830 |
-1.1501 |
-1.5381 |
5 |
-0.5860 |
-0.5032 |
-0.4168 |
-0.3264 |
-0.3086 |
-0.9523 |
-1.0252 |
-1.0830 |
-1.1501 |
-1.5381 |
6 |
-0.5645 |
-0.4826 |
-0.3967 |
-0.3076 |
-0.2831 |
-0.8955 |
-1.0054 |
-1.0645 |
-1.1329 |
-1.5181 |
7 |
-0.4364 |
-0.3592 |
-0.2772 |
-0.1951 |
-0.1393 |
-0.5902 |
-0.8508 |
-0.9539 |
-1.0296 |
-1.3980 |
8 |
-0.2056 |
-0.1362 |
-0.0627 |
0.0109 |
0.0862 |
-0.1881 |
-0.4550 |
-0.7170 |
-0.8404 |
-1.1772 |
9 |
0.0599 |
0.1205 |
0.1841 |
0.2502 |
0.3164 |
0.1041 |
-0.0287 |
-0.3005 |
-0.5817 |
-0.9160 |
10 |
0.3578 |
0.4089 |
0.4625 |
0.5184 |
0.5750 |
0.3923 |
0.2847 |
0.1452 |
-0.1599 |
-0.6264 |
11 |
0.4697 |
0.5177 |
0.5679 |
0.6199 |
0.6667 |
0.4627 |
0.3487 |
0.2289 |
0.0131 |
-0.5412 |
12 |
-0.5075 |
-0.4675 |
-0.4253 |
-0.3821 |
-0.3415 |
-0.5069 |
-0.6173 |
-0.7366 |
-0.8880 |
-1.1902 |
13 |
-0.6163 |
-0.5826 |
-0.5471 |
-0.5109 |
-0.4717 |
-0.5875 |
-0.6923 |
-0.8072 |
-0.9534 |
-1.2257 |
14 |
-0.7250 |
-0.6977 |
-0.6689 |
-0.6396 |
-0.6018 |
-0.6681 |
-0.7673 |
-0.8777 |
-1.0188 |
-1.2613 |
15 |
-0.8338 |
-0.8129 |
-0.7907 |
-0.7684 |
-0.7319 |
-0.7487 |
-0.8423 |
-0.9482 |
-1.0841 |
-1.2968 |
16 |
-0.9426 |
-0.9280 |
-0.9125 |
-0.8971 |
-0.8620 |
-0.8293 |
-0.9173 |
-1.0188 |
-1.1495 |
-1.3323 |
17 |
-1.0728 |
-1.0638 |
-1.0543 |
-1.0446 |
-1.0176 |
-0.9667 |
-1.0121 |
-1.1078 |
-1.2321 |
-1.3879 |
18 |
-1.2453 |
-1.2404 |
-1.2354 |
-1.2296 |
-1.2150 |
-1.1821 |
-1.1821 |
-1.2334 |
-1.3491 |
-1.4835 |
19 |
-1.4583 |
-1.4562 |
-1.4542 |
-1.4516 |
-1.4451 |
-1.4308 |
-1.4273 |
-1.4312 |
-1.5005 |
-1.6194 |
20 |
-1.7105 |
-1.7100 |
-1.7095 |
-1.7089 |
-1.7073 |
-1.7037 |
-1.7030 |
-1.7017 |
-1.7214 |
-1.7955 |
21 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
-2.0000 |
軟牌 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Ace |
12 |
-0.0724 |
-0.0069 |
0.0618 |
0.1328 |
0.1789 |
-0.1845 |
-0.3174 |
-0.4545 |
-0.6265 |
-1.0481 |
13 |
-0.0724 |
-0.0069 |
0.0618 |
0.1328 |
0.1789 |
-0.1845 |
-0.3174 |
-0.4545 |
-0.6265 |
-1.0481 |
14 |
-0.0724 |
-0.0069 |
0.0618 |
0.1328 |
0.1789 |
-0.1845 |
-0.3174 |
-0.4545 |
-0.6265 |
-1.0481 |
15 |
-0.0724 |
-0.0069 |
0.0618 |
0.1328 |
0.1789 |
-0.1845 |
-0.3174 |
-0.4545 |
-0.6265 |
-1.0481 |
16 |
-0.0724 |
-0.0069 |
0.0618 |
0.1328 |
0.1789 |
-0.1845 |
-0.3174 |
-0.4545 |
-0.6265 |
-1.0481 |
17 |
-0.0080 |
0.0551 |
0.1221 |
0.1891 |
0.2554 |
-0.0141 |
-0.2579 |
-0.3990 |
-0.5749 |
-0.9881 |
18 |
0.1185 |
0.1773 |
0.2396 |
0.3018 |
0.3808 |
0.2200 |
-0.0322 |
-0.2893 |
-0.4717 |
-0.8677 |
19 |
0.2406 |
0.2953 |
0.3528 |
0.4126 |
0.4790 |
0.3198 |
0.1933 |
-0.0727 |
-0.3685 |
-0.7470 |
20 |
0.3578 |
0.4089 |
0.4625 |
0.5184 |
0.5750 |
0.3923 |
0.2847 |
0.1452 |
-0.1599 |
-0.6264 |
21 |
0.4697 |
0.5177 |
0.5679 |
0.6199 |
0.6667 |
0.4627 |
0.3487 |
0.2289 |
0.0131 |
-0.5412 |
範例
讓我們查看右圖所有的牌⾯為例。加倍賭注顯然是很糟糕的決定, 所以我 們可以只限縮在補牌與停住不補的可⾏選項。基本策略說在12點對抗2點 時要補牌、19點對抗2點時要停住不補。如果針對三⼿牌⾯當中的兩⼿牌 ⾯補牌、這樣只稍微對兩⼿12點的牌⾯是正確的。在此同時, 停住不補對 於19點是⾮常正確的玩法。然⽽多說無益, 讓我們以數學計算補牌與停住 不補兩種選項的期望值(EV)。
停住不補的EV = 2×-0.2930 + 0.3851 = -0.2003
補牌的EV = 2×-0.2537 - 0.7292 = -1.2366
所以, 你在停住不補時的期望輸值為-0.2003、在補牌時的期望輸值 為-1.2366. 兩者差異甚⼤; 所以停住不補是較好的玩法。
⾏動的頻率
以下是在初始兩張牌⾯時、每⼀種⾏動有多常的頻率會發⽣:
- 停住不補: 64.15%
- 補牌: 34.11%
- 加倍賭注: 1.73%
- Jackpot頭獎(假設為公平遊戲): 0.0089%.
分析
在考量jackpot頭獎之前, Space Jack所有原初押注的賭場優勢為6.61%. 例如, 如果玩家押注三⼿$10的注⾦, 則他的期望輸值為 $10 × 3 × 6.61% = $1.98.
如果牌⾯的發送針對jackpot頭獎為⺫的是公平的, 那麼贏得jackpot頭獎的 機率為1⽐11,206. 若以總押注$15為基準, 每$10,000的jackpot頭獎的數值 為5.95%. 只要累積到$11,117獎⾦即可達到breakeven持平的概率。在最 低jackpot頭獎為$50,000、押注$15的情況, 玩家的優勢將達到23.13%. 在 累積到$100,000jackpot頭獎的獎⾦時、玩家優勢將會是52.88%.
不過, 那些都是無意義的假設, 因為他們承認jackpot頭獎並⾮由牌⾯的隨 機選牌來決定、⽽是幕後隨機產⽣的。沒有⼈知道這樣的機率是多少。
既然jackpot頭獎的概率是無法量化的, 我就忽略那個遊戲元素、就假設賭 場優勢為6.61%, 這對於賭桌遊戲⽽⾔是相當⾼的。記住在傳統Blackjack ⼆⼗⼀點的賭場優勢⼤約是0.5%、依照特定規則⽽有所不同。就由你⾃ ⼰下定論吧。
⿊名單
我喜歡開放⽽誠實的賭局。部分是因為電⼦裝置取代實體的賭博裝備, 像 是牌組、骰⼦、球等等符合⾃然的機率, 就像玩家在現實⽣活中玩的那 樣。然⽽Slotland他們⾃⾏決定、不以遊戲當中牌⾯的組合來決定jackpot 頭獎的產⽣。就以這個理由, Slotland被列⼊我的 online casino blacklist線 上賭場⿊名單。